ISO 14289 Standard

PDF/UA Compliance

PDF/UA (Universal Accessibility) is the ISO standard that defines precisely how PDFs must be structured for assistive technology. It's the highest bar for PDF accessibility—and PDFally meets it.

What Is PDF/UA?

PDF/UA (ISO 14289-1) is the international standard for universally accessible PDF documents. Published by the International Organization for Standardization, it specifies technical requirements that go beyond WCAG to ensure PDFs work reliably with every modern screen reader and assistive technology.

While WCAG defines what accessibility outcomes are required, PDF/UA defines precisely how a PDF must be technically structured to achieve them—providing machine-verifiable conformance.

Organizations that need the highest level of assurance—particularly those in government, legal, and publishing—specify PDF/UA as a procurement and compliance requirement.

PDF/UA vs. WCAG

PDF/UA and WCAG are complementary. WCAG is the legal benchmark; PDF/UA is the technical implementation standard for PDFs specifically.

  • PDF/UA is machine-testable via tools like PAC 3
  • WCAG conformance is required by most laws
  • PDF/UA conformance implies WCAG conformance
  • PDF/UA is cited in EU Accessibility Act and EN 301 549

Global Recognition

PDF/UA is referenced in the EU Web Accessibility Directive, EN 301 549 (European standard for ICT accessibility), and is increasingly cited in procurement specifications worldwide.

PDF/UA Technical Requirements We Address

Every requirement in ISO 14289-1, applied by expert remediators.

Tagged PDF

Full tag tree present and accurate—every content element identified semantically

Logical Structure

Document structure uses correct tag types (H1–H6, P, L, Table, Figure, etc.)

Real Content vs. Artifacts

Page numbers, headers, backgrounds properly marked as artifacts and excluded from the tag tree

Character Encoding

Proper Unicode mapping for all characters, including special characters and ligatures

Natural Language

Document and passage language declared so screen readers use the correct voice

Security Settings

Document security allows assistive technology access—no permissions blocking screen readers

Heading Hierarchy

Correct and nested heading structure—no skipped heading levels

XMP Metadata

PDF/UA identifier included in document XMP metadata for automated conformance checking

Who Specifies PDF/UA?

Publishing & Legal

Law firms, publishers, and courts that need documents to remain accessible across decades of archiving.

European Organizations

EU Accessibility Act and EN 301 549 reference PDF/UA, making it mandatory for many European public sector organizations.

Enterprise Procurement

Large enterprises and government bodies increasingly include PDF/UA conformance in vendor accessibility requirements.

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